BCI Scenarios
BCIs can be used in the following six scenarios (see the Figure bellow, adapted from [1] BCIs can replace natural CNS output that has been lost as a result of injury or disease. Examples include communication (through a spelling system and voice synthesis) and motorized wheelchair control. BCIs can restore lost natural CNS output. Examples include functional electrical stimulation of muscles in a paralyzed person and stimulation of peripheral nerves to restore bladder function. BCIs can enhance natural CNS output. Examples include monitoring brain activity during prolonged demanding tasks such as driving a car and detecting lapses of attention, which alerts the person and restores attention. BCIs can supplement natural CNS output. Examples include providing a third (robotic) arm to a person and providing a selection function for people using a joystick. BCIs can...